Challenges Faced by Libyan English Instructors in Using E-Communication Tools

Authors

  • Fatma A. H. Abdelatia Derna University
  • Kharima Saleh Issa Alsohbo Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
  • Isyaku Hassan Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1405.09

Keywords:

cross-sectional survey, EFL instructors, e-communication tools, technology acceptance

Abstract

The popularity of online teaching has increased significantly due to the outbreak of Covid-19 which prompted a sudden shift of educational activities to the online environment. In Libya, the government imposed online teaching and television learning programs as “emergency online education”. However, while online education offers numerous benefits as a flexible mode of knowledge delivery, both instructors and students tend to face various obstacles in the teaching and learning process. This study aimed to ascertain the challenges of using e-communication tools and their correlation with teaching experience among EFL instructors in Libyan universities. A total of 100 EFL instructors were examined using a cross-sectional survey method. The data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the mean, frequency, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation. The findings showed that major challenges faced by Libyan EFL instructors in using e-communication tools result from inadequate technical skills and lack of institutional support, followed by lack of student engagement and poor internet connection. The study also revealed a weak correlation between challenges of using e-communication tools and teaching experience among the instructors. This study was envisaged to provide information that can be useful to the Libyan government and higher learning institutions in the process of e-teaching implementation in the EFL context.

Author Biographies

Fatma A. H. Abdelatia, Derna University

Faculty of Education

Kharima Saleh Issa Alsohbo, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

Faculty of Languages and Communication

Isyaku Hassan, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

Faculty of Languages and Communication

References

Abdullah, A. T. H., Al-Bawaleez, M. M. A., Azmi, M. N. L., & Hassan, I. (2022). Analysis of EFL learners’ language proficiency development across different social media platforms. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12, 9, 1756-1761.doi: 10.17507/tpls.1209.07

Abdullahi, A., Rouyan, N. M., & Hassan, I. (2020). Process oriented writing v ia computer mediated peer reviewing: The case of English inner circle learners of Arabic as a foreign language. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8, 4, 3043-3047.

Abrik, S., & Jawber, L. (2021). Online teaching challenges in Zawia University. Paper presented at the Third Scientific Conference on Education, Zawia, Libya.

Alias, N. A., & Zainuddin, A. M. (2005). Innovation for better teaching and learning: Adopting the learning management system. Malaysian Online Journal of Instructional Technology, 2, 2, 27-40.

Allen, M., Titsworth, S. & Hunt, S. K. (2008). Quantitative research in communication. London: SAGE Publications.

Al-Samarraie, H., & Saeed, N. (2018). A systematic review of cloud computing tools for collaborative learning: Opportunities and challenges to the blended-learning environment. Computers and Education, 124(1), 77-91.

Alwaheebi, E. W., & Al-Qahtani, F. M. (2022). EFL instructors’ and students’ perceptions of online writing instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 13, 4, 809-819.doi: 10.17507/jltr.1304.14

Atia, A., & Ganoun, A. (2020). The impact of Covid -19 on teaching in Libya. University of Tripoli Journal, 2, 3, 236-247.

Atmojo, A. E. P., & Nugroho, A. (2020). EFL classes must go online! Teaching activities and challenges during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Register Journal, 13, 1, 49-76.doi: 10.18326/rgt.v13i1.49-76

Baran, E., Correia, A. P., & Thompson, A. (2011). Transforming online teaching practice: Critical analysis of the literature on the roles and competencies of online teachers. Distance Education, 32, 3, 421-439.doi:10.1080/01587919.2011.610293

Bosaninh, A., & Al-Bazar, M. (2021). The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on universities' academic performance: Empirical evidence from Libya. Journal of Benghazi University, 41, 11, 284-296

Caratiquit, L. J., & Caratiquit, K. (2022). Influence of technical support on technology acceptance model to examine the project PAIR e-learning system in distance learning modality. Participatory Educational Research, 9(5), 467-485.doi: 10.17275/per.22.124.9.5

Carolan, C., Davies, C. L., Crookes, P., McGhee, S., & Rox-Burgh, M. (2020). Covid-19: disruptive impacts and transformative opportunities in undergraduate nurse education. Nurse Education in Practice. 46, 1, 1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102807

Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 3, 297-334.doi: 10.1007/bf02310555

Cutri, R. M., & Mena, J. (2020). A critical reconceptualization of faculty readiness for online teaching. Distance Education, 41, 3, 361-380.doi:10.1080/01587919.2020.1763167

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13, 3, 319-340.

Girish, V. G., Kim, M. Y., Sharma, I., & Lee, C. K. (2022). Examining the structural relationships among e-learning interactivity, uncertainty avoidance, and perceived risks of COVID-19: Applying extended technology acceptance model. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 38, 8, 742-752.doi: 10.1080/10447318.2021.1970430

Gustine, G. G. (2021). How do you work out this Zoom Classroom?": Pre-service English teachers’ challenges and expectations during transition to online teaching practicum. Research and Innovation in Language Learning, 4, 1, 68-78.doi: 10.33603/rill.v4i1.4301

Hakim, B. (2020). Technology integrated online classrooms and the challenges faced by the EFL teachers in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 9, 5, 33-39.doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.9n.5p.33

Hamad, M. M., Dafaallah, A. S., & Alhaj, A. A. (2021). The challenges of online English language teaching from EFL instructors’ point of view in KKU, Tehama campus during the Covid-19 period. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 12, 4, 543-556. doi: 10.17507/jltr.1204

Hashemi, A. (2021). Online teaching experiences in higher education institutions of Afghanistan during the Covid-19 outbreak: Challenges and opportunities. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 8, 1, 1-22.

Hassan, I., Gamji, B. M., Nasidi, Q. Y., & Azmi, M. N. L. (2021). Challenges and benefits of Web 2.0-based learning among international students of English during the Covid-19 pandemic in Cyprus. Arab World English Journal, 7, 1, 295-306. doi: 10.24093/awej/covid.22

Hew, K. F., Cheung, W. S., & Ng, C. S. L. (2010). Student contribution in asynchronous online discussion: A review of the research and empirical exploration. Instructional science, 38, 6, 571-606.doi: 10.1007/s11251-008-9087-0

Juhary, J. (2022). Emergency remote teaching during Covid-19 pandemic: Roles of educators in Malaysia. In M. M. C. Shohel (ed.), E-Learning and Digital Education in the Twenty-First Century (pp. 197-208). London: IntechOpen.

Langford, M. Damsa, C. (2020). Online teaching in the time of Covid-19 academics’ experience in Norway. Retrieved December 14, 2022, from https://www.jus.uio.no/cell/ressurser/evaluering/rapporter/report-university-teachers-160420-with-annex.pdf

Li, D. (2022). The shift to online classes during the Covid-19 pandemic: Benefits, challenges, and required improvements from the students' perspective. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 20, 1, 1-18.

Lukas, B. A., & Yunus, M. M. (2021). ESL teachers’ challenges in implementing e-learning during Covid-19. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20, 2, 330-348.doi: 10.26803/ijlter.20.2.18

Marinoni, G., Land, V. H., & Jensen, T. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 on higher education around the world. Retrieved November 12, 2022, from https://www.uniss.it/sites/default/files/news/iau_covid19_and_he_survey_report_final_may_2020.pdf

Mouchantaf, M. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic: challenges faced and lessons learned regarding distance learning in Lebanese higher education institutions. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 10, 10, 1259–1266. https:// doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1010.11.

Nugroho, A., Ilmiani, D., & Rekha, A. (2021). EFL teachers’ challenges and insights of online teaching amidst global pandemic. Metathesis: Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching, 4, 3, 277-291.doi: 10.31002/metathesis.v4i3.3195

Oh, E., & Park, S. (2009). How are universities involved in blended instruction?. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 12, 3, 327-342.

Paudel, P. (2021). Online education: Benefits, challenges and strategies during and after Covid-19 in higher education. International Journal on Studies in Education, 3, 2, 70-85.

Saliba, G., Rankine, L., & Cortez, H. (2013). Fundamentals of blended learning. Sydney: Western University Press.

Şener, B., Ertem, İ. S., & Ahmet, M. E. Ç. (2020). Online teaching experiences of ELT instructors. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 3, 3, 340-362.doi: 10.31681/jetol.770418

Sengupta, S. (2022). Possibilities and challenges of online education in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies (IJWLTT), 17, 4, 1-11.doi: 10.4018/ijwltt.285567

Sun, P. P. (2022). Understanding EFL university teachers’ synchronous online teaching belief change. Language Teaching Research, 00, 0, 1-18.doi: 10.1177/13621688221093833

Vasquez, E., & Straub, C. (2012). Online instruction for K-12 special education: A review of the empirical literature. Journal of Special Education Technology, 27, 3, 31-40.doi:10.1177/016264341202700303

Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2009). Mass media research: An introduction. Boston: Cenage Learning.

Zou, C., Li, P., & Jin, L. (2021). Online college English education in Wuhan against the Covid-19 pandemic: Student and teacher readiness, challenges and implications. PloS One, 16, 10, 1-24.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258137

Downloads

Published

2023-09-01

Issue

Section

Articles