The Impact of Articulatory Organs and Acoustic Features on Shaping the Distinctive Features of Emphatic Closure Sounds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1605.10Keywords:
articulation, closure, emphatic consonants, explosives, occlusion, organs of articulationAbstract
Emphasis is considered a strong feature of some sounds that distinguishes them from others. Ancient and modern Arab linguists agree that emphasis is an inherent feature of the four sounds (ص /sˤ/, ض /ðˤ/, ط /tˤ/, and ظ /ðˤ/. However, emphasis in these sounds does not occur at the same degree, as the articulatory organs for each sound differ from the others. Additionally, other sound features affect the degree and type of emphasis. This study examines the factors influencing the degree and type of emphatic consonants, which are related to the articulatory organs of the sound or the sound's features. The study uses a descriptive-explanatory approach to describe the articulatory organs of these sounds, their phonetic features, and their impact on emphasis, exploring the requirements of emphasis. The study’s results revealed that the emphasis on the sounds ض and ط is explosive and non-continuous, with a high resonance due to the explosion, while the emphasis in ص and ظ is continuous due to friction, with a lower resonance. Nonetheless, the sound ص is stronger than ظ in terms of audibility due to the strength of the hissing, making its emphasis more resonant.
References
Adil, M. (2020). Exploring the role of translation in communicative language teaching or the communicative approach. Sage open, 10(2), 2158244020924403. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244020924403. retrieved on 22 December 2023.
Al-Aqtash, A. (2010). Velarization in Arabic and its levels. Jordanian journal of Arabic language and literature, 6(2), 75-97. https://search.mandumah.com/Record/126318. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Al-Hamd, G. Q. (2004). Introduction to Arabic Phonetics. Jordan: Dar Ammar.
Al-Jezawi, H. K., Al-Abdulrazaq, M. A., Rababah, M. A., & Aldoory, A. H. (2023). Art voicing peaceful protest: Hip-hop and rap in the American and Arabic cultures. International Journal of Arabic-English Studies, 24(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v24i1.555. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Alkhaldi, A. A., Rababah, M. A., Al-Saidat, E. M., Rakhieh, B. M, & Rababah. K. A. (2023). A lexical study of coffee shop signs in Jordan. International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 12(1), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.55493/5019.v12i1.4703. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Al-Marashi, M. A. B. (2008). Mujahid's effort. Jordan: Dar Ammar.
Al-Rawashdeh, B. A., Issa, A. H. B., & Rababah, M. A. (2024). Substitution in Arabic: Lisan Al-Arab Dictionary as a model. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 14(1), 116-124. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1401.13. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Al-Sa’ran, M. (1988). Language Science: An Introduction for the Arab Reader. Lebanon: Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabia.
Al-Saidat, E. M., Tawalbeh, A. I., Malkawi, N. A., Shehadeh, T. M., Rabab'ah, K. A., & Rababah, M. A. (2023). The linguistic implications of Facebook nicknames for Jordanian males and females. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(10), 2457-2467. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1310.04. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Anis, I. (1980). Phonetic Sounds. Egypt: Renaissance Egypt Library.
Bishr, K. (2000). Phonetics. Egypt: Dar Ghareeb.
Brosnahan, L. F., & Malmberg, B. (1975). Introduction to phonetics. Cambridge University Press.
Essa, A. H. B., Al-Tawalbeh, A. M., Al-Gayam, I. M., Bani-Khair, B. M., & Rababah, M. A. (2023). The dream poem: Qays Ibn Al-Khateem’s poem" Anna Sarabti". Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(2), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1302.24. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Ibn Duraid, M. bin Al-Hasan. (1987). The Language Collection. Lebanon: Dar Al-Ilm Lil-Malayin.
Ibn Manzoor. (1features). Lisan Al-Arab. Lebanon: Dar Sader.
Jabal, M. H. (2006). A Concise Guide to Arabic Sounds. Egypt: Adab Library.
Maki. (1996). Al-Raayah li-tajweed al-qiraa'a wa-tahqeeq lafdh al-tilawah. Jordan: Dar Ammar.
Melhim, M. H. A., Al-Shurman, Y. M., Zainelabdin, F. A., Rabab’a, Y. A., Bani Saeed, R. A., & Rababah, M. A. (2023). ISIS’ Miscontextualization of Ḥadīth through the Strategic Linguistic Propaganda: A Socio-political Analysis. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 13(1), 90-102. https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.131.07. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Rababah, M. A., Rababah, L. M., Abumelhim, M. H., Abu-Melhim, A. R., & Rababah, K. A. (2023). Interdisciplinary investigation of naming practices of cafes signages in Jordan. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 23(4), 1-14. http://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2023-2304-01. Retrieved on 10 June 2023.
Sibawayh, A. O. Q. (1988). The Book, Edited by A. S. Haroun. Egypt: Khanji Library.
