From Brainstorming to Boundaries: Writing Center Tutors’ Use of Generative AI

Authors

  • Maria Eleftheriou American University of Sharjah
  • Muhammad Ahmer American University of Sharjah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1703.35

Keywords:

generative AI tools, writing centers, peer tutoring, tutor training, academic integrity

Abstract

The increasing presence of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in higher education has created new challenges and opportunities for writing centers. Peer tutors are now encountering student work that has been shaped, in whole or in part, by AI tools. Responding to this development requires balancing the pedagogical goal of supporting students’ learning with institutional expectations for academic integrity. This study examines how peer tutors at the American University of Sharjah (AUS) Writing Center employ AI tools in their sessions and the boundaries they set. Data were collected from a focus group discussion, a collaboratively authored staff document, and a follow-up staff meeting. Thematic analysis of these data reveals that tutors use AI selectively for purposes such as generating ideas, clarifying language, and simplifying complex readings, while avoiding uses that would replace students’ own writing or promote the use of AI. The study offers practical insights for writing centers seeking to integrate AI in ways that preserve the collaborative nature of tutoring while supporting ethical and effective student writing.

Author Biographies

Maria Eleftheriou, American University of Sharjah

Department of English

Muhammad Ahmer, American University of Sharjah

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

References

Abdelhalim, S. M., & Alsehibany, R. (2025). Integrating ChatGPT for vocabulary learning and retention: A classroom-based study of Saudi EFL learners. Language Learning & Technology, 29(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.64152/10125/73635

Ahmad, D., Latif, I., Arafah, B., & Suryadi, R. (2024). Defining the role of artificial intelligence in improving English writing skills among Indonesian students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 15(2), 568-578. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1502.25

Aikens, K., & Weildon, H. (2025). Generative AI tutor education in our writing center: A slow approach. The Peer Review. Retrieved August 14, 2025, from https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issues/issue-9-1/generative-ai-tutor-education-in-our-writing-center-a-slow-approach/

AlAfnan, M. A., Dishari, S., Jovic, M., & Lomidze, K. (2023). ChatGPT as an educational tool: Opportunities, challenges, and recommendations for communication, business writing, and composition courses. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, 3(2), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.37965/jait.2023.0184

Al-Alami, S. E. (2024). EFL Learners' Attitudes Towards Utilizing ChatGPT for Acquiring Writing Skills in Higher Education: A Case Study of Computing Students. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1504.01

Alharbi, K., & Khalil, L. (2024). Artificial Intelligence (AI) In ESL Vocabulary Learning: An Exploratory Study on Students and Teachers’ Perspectives. Migration Letters, 20(S12), 1030–1045. https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/8224

Al-Smadi, O. A., Ab Rashid, R., Saad, H., Zrekat, Y. H., Kamal, S. S. L. A., & Uktamovich, G. I. (2024). Artificial intelligence for English language learning and teaching: Advancing sustainable development goals. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 15(6), 1835-1844. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1506.09

Barrot, J. S. (2023). Using ChatGPT for second language writing: Pitfalls and potentials. Assessing Writing, 57, Article 100745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2023.100745

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Daniel, S., Pacheco, M., Smith, B., Burriss, S., & Hundley, M. (2023). Cultivating writerly virtues: Critical human elements of multimodal writing in the age of artificial intelligence. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 67, 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.1298

Deans, T., Praver, N., & Solod, A. (2023). AI in the writing center: Small steps and scenarios. University of Connecticut. Retrieved August 18, 2025, from https://dept.writing.wisc.edu/blog/ai-wc/

Eleftheriou, M., Ahmer, M., & Fredrick, D. (2025). Balancing ethics and support: Peer tutors’ experiences with AI tools in student writing. Contemporary Educational Technology, 17(3), ep587. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/16554

Eljack, N. S., Altahir, N. A., Mohammed, N. I., & Osman, S. A. (2025). ChatGPT as an AI Assistant Tool to Enhance University Students’ Teaching, Assessment and Academic Achievements: A Case Study of an EAP Lecturer. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 16(6), 1813-1823. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1606.15

Fitzgerald, L., & Ianetta, M. (2016). The Oxford guide for writing tutors: Practice and research. Oxford University Press.

Floridi, L., & Cowls, J. (2021). A unified framework of five principles for AI in society. Harvard Data Science Review, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1162/99608f92.8cd550d1

Freitas, H., Oliveira, M., Jenkins, M., & Popjoy, O. (1998, February). The focus group: A qualitative research method (Working Paper No. ISRC 010298). Information Systems Research Centre, Merrick School of Business, University of Baltimore. Retrieved July 22, 2025, from https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=2657165

Gillespie, P., & Lerner, N. (2008). The Longman guide to peer tutoring (2nd ed.). Pearson Longman.

Jamshed, M., Albedah, F., Hussain, N., & Banu, S. (2025). Assessing the Empowering Efficacy and Perceived Pedagogical Prospects of ChatGPT in the Saudi Arabian Context: A Mixed Method Study. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 16(3), 1002-1012. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1603.31

Khalifa, M., & Albadawy, M. (2024). Using artificial intelligence in academic writing and research: An essential productivity tool. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update, 5, 100145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpbup.2024.100145

Kim, J., Yu, S., Detrick, R., & Li, N. (2024). Exploring students’ perspectives on generative AI-assisted academic writing. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12878-7

Krasova, A., & Othman, M. (2024). Writing Center Instruction for the Age of AI: Tutors Professional Development Workshop. The Peer Review, 9(2). Retrieved October 29, 2025, from https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issue-9-2/writing-center-instruction-for-the-age-of-ai-tutors-professional-development-workshop/

Larios Soldevilla, O. A., Mendoza Ibarra, V., Urdanegui Sibina, R., Zilberman, J., Lizola-Margolis, P. E., Flores Peraltilla, A. V., Ghersi, J. H., Valencia Brenis, M., & Aviles Valdez, J. R. (2025). Adoption of AI tools and their impact on the academic research output of business school students. Cogent Education, 12(1), Article 2556892. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2556892

Lingard, L. (2023). Writing with ChatGPT: An illustration of its capacity, limitations & implications for academic writers. Perspect Med Educ, 12(1), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.5334/pme.1072

Lundin, I. (2025). Emotional nuance and tension present in writing center tutors’ perceptions of AI. The Peer Review, 9(2). Retrieved June 3, 2025, from https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issue-9-2/emotional-nuance-and-tension-present-in-writing-center-tutors-perceptions-of-ai/

Mahapatra, S. (2024). Impact of ChatGPT on ESL students’ academic writing skills: A mixed methods intervention study. Smart Learning Environments, 11(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-024-00295-9

Mohebbi, A. (2025). Enabling learner independence and self-regulation in language education using AI tools: a systematic review. Cogent Education, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2433814

Mollick, E., & Mollick, L. (2023). Assigning AI: Seven approaches for students, with prompts. arXiv Preprint arXiv, 2306, 10052.

Monika, M., & Suganthan, C. (2024). A study on analyzing the role of ChatGPT in English acquisition among ESL learners during English language classroom. Language, 8(2). https://www.bodhijournals.com/pdf/V8N2/Bodhi_V8N2_013.pdf

Moorhouse, B. L., Yeo, M. A., & Wan, Y. (2023). Generative AI tools and assessment: Guidelines of the world's top-ranking universities. Computers and Education Open, 5, 100151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2023.100151

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Ringo, D. S. (2025). The effect of generative AI use on doctoral students’ academic research progress: the moderating role of hedonic gratification. Cogent Education, 12(1), 2475268. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2475268

Roustio, A. (2025). Conversation shaper: GenAI tools can revive and revise writing center discussions of attribution, authorship, & plagiarism. The Peer Review. Retrieved July 9, 2025 from https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issues/issue-9-1/conversation-shaper-genai-tools-can-revive-and-revise-writing-center-discussions-of-attribution-authorship-plagiarism/

Sandstead, M., & Kibler, A. (2025). Voice in L2 writing in the age of AI. Journal of Second Language Writing, 69, 101212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101212

Stowe, G. (2023, September 26). September 2023: Where are we now with AI in writing centers? WLN Blog. Retrieved November 16, 2025, from https://wlnconnect.org/2023/09/26/september-2023-where-are-we-now-with-ai-in-writing-centers/

Tsufim, F., & Pomerleau, L. (2024). More is less? Using generative AI for idea generation and diversification in early writing processes. In Teaching and generative AI: Pedagogical possibilities and productive tensions (Paper No. 37). Utah State University Digital Commons. Retrieved November 16, 2025, from https://uen.pressbooks.pub/teachingandgenerativeai/chapter/more-is-less-using-generative-ai-for-idea-generation-and-diversification-in-early-writing-processes/

Zhang, Z., & Huang, X. (2024). The impact of large-language-model-based chatbots on second-language vocabulary acquisition. Heliyon, 10(3), e25370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25370

Downloads

Published

2026-05-01

Issue

Section

Articles