An Action Research Endeavor with International Student Teaching Assistants for Their Development as Teaching Professionals

Authors

  • Takaaki Hiratsuka Ryukoku University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1201.03

Keywords:

international student teaching assistants (TAs), professional development, action research, picture drawing

Abstract

Research on the experiences of international student teaching assistants (TAs) in the context of Japan is scarce even though for the majority of TAs the position provides them with their first experience of being an educator at the university level. In this research, I used an action research methodology to better understand and improve the quality of classroom life with three international student TAs. Data were gathered, using interviews, picture drawing, and classroom field notes. Overall, there was an agreement among the participants that the action research endeavor enabled them to feel empowered as teacher professionals in that they reported increases in both their collaboration with me (the course instructor) and the frequency and quality of their engagements with their students. They also noted that the feedback they received from and offered to me became more insightful and wide-ranging. I will conclude this article with my recommendations for future research on TAs.

Author Biography

Takaaki Hiratsuka, Ryukoku University

Department of Global Studies

References

Addy, T. & M. Blanchard. (2010). The problem with reform from the bottom up: Instructional practices and teacher beliefs of graduate teaching assistants following a reform-minded university teacher certificate program. International Journal of Science Education 32.8, 1045–1071.

Bell, P. (2004). Content analysis of visual images. In T. Van Leeuwen & C. Jewitt (eds.), The handbook of visual analysis. London: Sage, 10-35.

Bogdan, R. C. & S. K. Biklen (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods (5th edn.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Borg, S. (2013). Teacher research in language teaching: A critical analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Burns, A. (2005). Action research: An evolving paradigm? Language Teaching 38, 57–74.

Cho, Y., M. Kim, M. Svinicki & M. Decker. (2011). Exploring teaching concerns and characteristics of graduate teaching assistants. Teaching in Higher Education 16.3, 267¬–279.

CLAIR. (2020). The Japan exchange and teaching program. http://jetprogramme.org/en/ (accessed 09/10/2020).

Deacon, C., A. Hajek & H. Schulz (2017). Graduate teaching assistants’ perceptions of teaching competencies required for work in undergraduate science labs. International Journal of Science Education 39.1, 1–20.

Fairbrother, H. (2012). Creating space: Maximizing the potential of the graduate teaching assistant role. Teaching in Higher Education 17.3, 353–358.

Fanselow, J. (2018). Small changes in teaching: Big results in learning. Tokyo: iTDi.

Fujishiro, H. & N. Hozaki. (2018). A case study of the analysis of class activities observed by teaching assistants. Educational Practice Reports 24, 45–54.

Haswell, C. G. (2017). Personal and professional development for international students as TAs in Japanese universities. APU Journal of Language Research 3, 60–71.

Hiratsuka, T. (2015). Teachers’ and students’ perceptions of team-teaching practices in two Japanese senior high schools. Accents Asia 7.2, 46-66.

Hiratsuka, T. (2017a). Capitalizing on the strengths and complementing the weaknesses of native and non-native English speaking teachers. OTB Forum 8.1, 37-46.

Hiratsuka, T. (2017b). Pair discussions for reflecting on action: Stimulated recall. In B. Barnard & J. Ryan (eds.), Reflective practice: Voices from the field. New York: Routledge, 89-97.

Kaibara, R. (2011). An inquiry into the office management of the TA system in Japan: The case of national universities. Nagoya Journal of Higher Education 11, 153–170.

Kelly, L. B. (2018). Preservice teachers’ developing conceptions of teaching English learners. TESOL Quarterly 52.1, 110–136.

Lee, E. (2016). Reducing international graduate students’ language anxiety through oral pronunciation corrections. System 56, 78–95.

Mahoney, S. (2004). Role controversy among team teachers in the JET program. JALT Journal 26.2, 223–244.

Manohar, U. & O. Appiah (2015). Perspective taking to improve attitudes towards international teaching assistants: The role of national identification and prior attitudes. Communication Education 65.2, 1–15.

McConnell, D. L. (2000). Importing diversity: Inside Japan’s JET program. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Miyazato, K. (2009). Power-sharing between NS and NNS teachers: Linguistically powerful AETs vs culturally powerful JTEs. JALT Journal 31.1, 35–62.

Muzaka, V. (2009). The niche of Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTAs): Perceptions and reflections. Teaching in Higher Education 14.1, 1–12.

Park, C. (2004). The graduate teaching assistant (GTA): Lessons from North American experience. Teaching in Higher Education 9.3, 349–361.

Pauwels, L. (2010). Visual sociology reframed: An analytical synthesis and discussion of visual methods in social and cultural research. Sociological Methods & Research 38.4, 545–581.

Robson, S., J. Almeida & A. Schartner (2018). Internationalization at home: Time for review and development? European Journal of Higher Education 8, 19–35.

Shin, K., T. Hirai & M. Horie (2016). A qualitative analysis of growth process of student peer leaders and its facilitative factors: In-depth interviews with undergraduate teaching assistants at Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University. Ritsumeikan Higher Educational Studies 16, 65–82.

Tajino, A. & C, Smith (2015). Beyond team teaching: An introduction to team learning in language education. In A. Tajino, T. Stewart & D. Dalsky (eds.), Team teaching and team learning in the language classroom: Collaboration for innovation in ELT. London: Routledge, 11-27.

Tajino, A., T. Stewart & D. Dalsky (eds.). (2015). Team teaching and team learning in the language classroom: Collaboration for innovation in ELT. London: Routledge.

Ueno, T. & Y. Maruyama. (2010). Preparing future faculty program in Japan: Establishing a new system of training teaching assistants. Hiroshima Journal of School Education 16, 127–136.

Winstone, N. & D. Moore. (2016). Sometimes fish, sometimes fowl? Liminality, identity work and identity malleability in graduate teaching assistants. Innovations in Education and Teaching International 54.5, 494–502.

Winter, J., R. Turner, S. Gedye, P. Nash & V. Grant. (2014). Graduate teaching assistants: Responding to the challenges of internationalization. International Journal for Academic Development 20.1, 33–45.

Zheng, X. (2017). Translingual identity as pedagogy: International teaching assistants of English in college composition classrooms. The Modern Language Journal 101.51, 29–44.

Downloads

Published

2021-01-01

Issue

Section

Articles